• 二十、将子图应用于我们的图表

    二十、将子图应用于我们的图表

    在这个 Matplotlib 教程中，我们将处理我们以前教程的代码，并实现上一个教程中的子图配置。 我们的起始代码是这样：

    1. import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
    2. import matplotlib.dates as mdates
    3. import matplotlib.ticker as mticker
    4. from matplotlib.finance import candlestick_ohlc
    5. from matplotlib import style
    7. import numpy as np
    8. import urllib
    9. import datetime as dt
    11. style.use('fivethirtyeight')
    12. print(plt.style.available)
    14. print(plt.__file__)
    17. def bytespdate2num(fmt, encoding='utf-8'):
    18.     strconverter = mdates.strpdate2num(fmt)
    19.     def bytesconverter(b):
    20.         s = b.decode(encoding)
    21.         return strconverter(s)
    22.     return bytesconverter
    25. def graph_data(stock):
    27.     fig = plt.figure()
    28.     ax1 = plt.subplot2grid((1,1), (0,0))
    30.     stock_price_url = 'http://chartapi.finance.yahoo.com/instrument/1.0/'+stock+'/chartdata;type=quote;range=1m/csv'
    31.     source_code = urllib.request.urlopen(stock_price_url).read().decode()
    32.     stock_data = []
    33.     split_source = source_code.split('\n')
    34.     for line in split_source:
    35.         split_line = line.split(',')
    36.         if len(split_line) == 6:
    37.             if 'values' not in line and 'labels' not in line:
    38.                 stock_data.append(line)
    41.     date, closep, highp, lowp, openp, volume = np.loadtxt(stock_data,
    42.                                                           delimiter=',',
    43.                                                           unpack=True,
    44.                                                           converters={0: bytespdate2num('%Y%m%d')})
    46.     x = 0
    47.     y = len(date)
    48.     ohlc = []
    50.     while x < y:
    51.         append_me = date[x], openp[x], highp[x], lowp[x], closep[x], volume[x]
    52.         ohlc.append(append_me)
    53.         x+=1
    56.     candlestick_ohlc(ax1, ohlc, width=0.4, colorup='#77d879', colordown='#db3f3f')
    58.     for label in ax1.xaxis.get_ticklabels():
    59.         label.set_rotation(45)
    61.     ax1.xaxis.set_major_formatter(mdates.DateFormatter('%Y-%m-%d'))
    62.     ax1.xaxis.set_major_locator(mticker.MaxNLocator(10))
    63.     ax1.grid(True)
    65.     bbox_props = dict(boxstyle='round',fc='w', ec='k',lw=1)
    67.     ax1.annotate(str(closep[-1]), (date[-1], closep[-1]),
    68.                  xytext = (date[-1]+4, closep[-1]), bbox=bbox_props)
    71. ##    # Annotation example with arrow
    72. ##    ax1.annotate('Bad News!',(date[11],highp[11]),
    73. ##                 xytext=(0.8, 0.9), textcoords='axes fraction',
    74. ##                 arrowprops = dict(facecolor='grey',color='grey'))
    75. ##
    76. ##    
    77. ##    # Font dict example
    78. ##    font_dict = {'family':'serif',
    79. ##                 'color':'darkred',
    80. ##                 'size':15}
    81. ##    # Hard coded text
    82. ##    ax1.text(date[10], closep[1],'Text Example', fontdict=font_dict)
    84.     plt.xlabel('Date')
    85.     plt.ylabel('Price')
    86.     plt.title(stock)
    87.     #plt.legend()
    88.     plt.subplots_adjust(left=0.11, bottom=0.24, right=0.90, top=0.90, wspace=0.2, hspace=0)
    89.     plt.show()
    92. graph_data('EBAY')

    一个主要的改动是修改轴域的定义：

    1. ax1 = plt.subplot2grid((6,1), (0,0), rowspan=1, colspan=1)
    2. plt.title(stock)
    3. ax2 = plt.subplot2grid((6,1), (1,0), rowspan=4, colspan=1)
    4. plt.xlabel('Date')
    5. plt.ylabel('Price')
    6. ax3 = plt.subplot2grid((6,1), (5,0), rowspan=1, colspan=1)

    现在，ax2是我们实际上在绘制的股票价格数据。 顶部和底部图表将作为指标信息。

    在我们绘制数据的代码中，我们需要将ax1更改为ax2：

    1. candlestick_ohlc(ax2, ohlc, width=0.4, colorup='#77d879', colordown='#db3f3f')
    3. for label in ax2.xaxis.get_ticklabels():
    4.     label.set_rotation(45)
    6. ax2.xaxis.set_major_formatter(mdates.DateFormatter('%Y-%m-%d'))
    7. ax2.xaxis.set_major_locator(mticker.MaxNLocator(10))
    8. ax2.grid(True)
    10. bbox_props = dict(boxstyle='round',fc='w', ec='k',lw=1)
    12. ax2.annotate(str(closep[-1]), (date[-1], closep[-1]),
    13.              xytext = (date[-1]+4, closep[-1]), bbox=bbox_props)

    更改之后，代码为：

    1. import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
    2. import matplotlib.dates as mdates
    3. import matplotlib.ticker as mticker
    4. from matplotlib.finance import candlestick_ohlc
    5. from matplotlib import style
    7. import numpy as np
    8. import urllib
    9. import datetime as dt
    11. style.use('fivethirtyeight')
    12. print(plt.style.available)
    14. print(plt.__file__)
    17. def bytespdate2num(fmt, encoding='utf-8'):
    18.     strconverter = mdates.strpdate2num(fmt)
    19.     def bytesconverter(b):
    20.         s = b.decode(encoding)
    21.         return strconverter(s)
    22.     return bytesconverter
    25. def graph_data(stock):
    27.     fig = plt.figure()
    28.     ax1 = plt.subplot2grid((6,1), (0,0), rowspan=1, colspan=1)
    29.     plt.title(stock)
    30.     ax2 = plt.subplot2grid((6,1), (1,0), rowspan=4, colspan=1)
    31.     plt.xlabel('Date')
    32.     plt.ylabel('Price')
    33.     ax3 = plt.subplot2grid((6,1), (5,0), rowspan=1, colspan=1)
    36.     stock_price_url = 'http://chartapi.finance.yahoo.com/instrument/1.0/'+stock+'/chartdata;type=quote;range=1m/csv'
    37.     source_code = urllib.request.urlopen(stock_price_url).read().decode()
    38.     stock_data = []
    39.     split_source = source_code.split('\n')
    40.     for line in split_source:
    41.         split_line = line.split(',')
    42.         if len(split_line) == 6:
    43.             if 'values' not in line and 'labels' not in line:
    44.                 stock_data.append(line)
    47.     date, closep, highp, lowp, openp, volume = np.loadtxt(stock_data,
    48.                                                           delimiter=',',
    49.                                                           unpack=True,
    50.                                                           converters={0: bytespdate2num('%Y%m%d')})
    52.     x = 0
    53.     y = len(date)
    54.     ohlc = []
    56.     while x < y:
    57.         append_me = date[x], openp[x], highp[x], lowp[x], closep[x], volume[x]
    58.         ohlc.append(append_me)
    59.         x+=1
    62.     candlestick_ohlc(ax2, ohlc, width=0.4, colorup='#77d879', colordown='#db3f3f')
    64.     for label in ax2.xaxis.get_ticklabels():
    65.         label.set_rotation(45)
    67.     ax2.xaxis.set_major_formatter(mdates.DateFormatter('%Y-%m-%d'))
    68.     ax2.xaxis.set_major_locator(mticker.MaxNLocator(10))
    69.     ax2.grid(True)
    71.     bbox_props = dict(boxstyle='round',fc='w', ec='k',lw=1)
    73.     ax2.annotate(str(closep[-1]), (date[-1], closep[-1]),
    74.                  xytext = (date[-1]+4, closep[-1]), bbox=bbox_props)
    77. ##    # Annotation example with arrow
    78. ##    ax1.annotate('Bad News!',(date[11],highp[11]),
    79. ##                 xytext=(0.8, 0.9), textcoords='axes fraction',
    80. ##                 arrowprops = dict(facecolor='grey',color='grey'))
    81. ##
    82. ##    
    83. ##    # Font dict example
    84. ##    font_dict = {'family':'serif',
    85. ##                 'color':'darkred',
    86. ##                 'size':15}
    87. ##    # Hard coded text
    88. ##    ax1.text(date[10], closep[1],'Text Example', fontdict=font_dict)
    91.     #
    92.     #plt.legend()
    93.     plt.subplots_adjust(left=0.11, bottom=0.24, right=0.90, top=0.90, wspace=0.2, hspace=0)
    94.     plt.show()
    97. graph_data('EBAY')

    结果为：

    二十、将子图应用于我们的图表 - 图1